Pharmaceutical residue contamination of natural habitats has grown to be a serious problem. The huge spread of antibiotics has been linked in large part to the discharge of untreated waste water from pharmaceutical, hospital, and home facilities. Unnecessary pharmacological residues, such as antibiotics, enhance the likelihood that pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes will select for resistance. Several approaches have been put out to date to remove these contaminants from wastewater, but their use on a broader scale is not practical due to the procedures' complexity and high cost, particularly in poor and undeveloped nations. The objective of this study was to identify and characterise bacterial strains that are biotransformable to the most persistent antibiotics from residential and pharmaceutical wastewater. The development of antibiotics significantly changed the mortality and morbidity rates related to life-threatening infections and was a key factor in their successful treatment. Since then, these biologically active substances have been crucial for maintaining human health and raising standard of living. In addition to human health, antibiotics are widely used in veterinary medicine and aquaculture research to treat infections and foster animal growth. Antibiotics are used so frequently that there are now worries about their longer-term persistence in the environment. This is explained by the fact that they are only partially metabolised by human and animal bodies, which leads to their discharge in an active state. Antibiotic overuse leads to the emergence of drug resistance in humans, animals, and pathogenic microorganisms, rendering the medications useless in the treatment of the diseases. Antibiotics also have negative impacts on the structure and operations of ecological systems in addition to pathogenic resistance. The preservation of ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles, which are often mediated by a group of microorganisms, depends critically on biological variety. By eradicating or restricting non-target microbial species, antibiotics lower biodiversity, which ultimately has an impact on common biological processes like nitrogen fixation, biomass production, and functional stability. The main places to dispose of antibiotics are in household, pharmaceutical, and hospital effluents, which are also thought to be the main areas where they are widely released into the environment. These effluents eventually find their way into the natural environment, such as soil, surface water, and ground water, if they are not properly treated in sewage treatment plants for the degradation and elimination of such active compounds. Multiple antibiotics have been found in both treatment facilities and natural water sources, according to several investigations. For the time being, sophisticated oxidation and adsorption procedures are just a few of the chemical and abiotic techniques that have been developed and employed to remove organic contaminants. Such processes are ineffective for use on a large scale due to their complexity, high cost, and difficulty with chemical sludge treatment. Bioconversion is used to transform a variety of organic pollutants, including metals, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and hydrocarbons, into safer and more affordable tools for environmental adaptation. This is primarily attributable to the bacteria's observed catabolic diversity, growth rate, and horizontal gene transfer properties, which make them excellent candidates for this process.