Energy flow through living systems is the focus of the biochemistry subfield known as bioenergetics. Transferring and converting energy is a topic of active biological research. It has uses in structural biology, mitochondrial metabolism, and diseases of that metabolism. The goal of the peer-reviewed, open-access Bioenergetics Journal is to publish the most thorough and trustworthy source of information on new findings and advancements in all fields of study through the publication of original articles, review articles, case studies, short communications, etc. and to make this information freely accessible online to researchers all over the world without any restrictions or additional subscriptions.

Mitochondrial disease, also known as mitochondrial disorders, is a group of disorders affecting mitochondria, a small compartment found in nearly every cell in the body. The primary function of mitochondria is to produce energy. More energy-demanding organs, particularly the heart, muscles, and brain, require more mitochondria to function properly. When a cell's mitochondrial number or function is reduced, less energy is produced, resulting in organ dysfunction. Depending on which cells in the body have destroyed mitochondria, various symptoms may occur. Malaise, weakness, metabolic stroke, attacks, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, developmental or cognitive impairment, diabetes, hearing impairment, vision, growth, liver, gastrointestinal, or renal function are all symptoms of mitochondrial disease. There is an opportunity. These symptoms can manifest themselves at any age, from childhood to late adulthood. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs when mitochondria stop working as a result of another disease or condition. Secondary mitochondrial dysfunction is caused by a variety of disorders, including • Alzheimer's disease • muscular dystrophy • Lugeric disease • Diabetes mellitus. Changes (mutations) in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA cause mitochondrial genetic damage, which can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. The majority of DNA, a genetic material passed down from parent to child, is packaged in the nucleus of each cell (known as nuclear DNA). However, mitochondria (the energy-producing structure of each cell) contain a small amount of unique DNA known as mitochondrial DNA. If the mutated gene that causes the disease is on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes, the disease is considered to be associated with the X chromosome (the Y chromosome is another sex chromosome). Males have an X and a Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes. X-linked states can be either dominant or recessive. When one copy of the altered gene in each cell is enough to cause the condition, the inheritance is X-linked dominant. With each pregnancy, an X-linked dominant female has a 50% chance of passing on the condition to her son or daughter. A man who has an X-linked dominant condition passes the condition on to all of his daughters but not to his son. Mitochondrial disease can be difficult to diagnose because it affects various organs and tissues in the body and causes a variety of symptoms in patients. There is no single laboratory or diagnostic test that can confirm a mitochondrial disease diagnosis. As a result, referral to a medical facility with a doctor who specialises in these diseases is critical for diagnosis. The diagnosis process begins with a battery of tests, including:

• A review of the patient's family history.

• A thorough physical examination.

• A neurological exam.