Disease biology is an interdisciplinary field that combines the study of biology, genetics, and pathology to understand the mechanisms underlying diseases. Diseases are caused by a variety of factors, including genetic mutations, infections, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Understanding disease biology is crucial for developing effective treatments and preventative measures for a wide range of diseases, from cancer to infectious diseases.

Genetics plays a major role in disease biology. Genetic mutations can lead to the development of diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anaemia, and Huntington's disease. In some cases, these mutations are inherited from parents, while in others, they arise spontaneously. Understanding the genetic basis of diseases allows researchers to develop targeted therapies that address the underlying cause of the disease.